In the context of blockchain technology, Layer 1 refers to the underlying main blockchain network. For example, in Bitcoin, the Bitcoin blockchain would represent Layer 1. It's the foundation upon which everything else is built.
Layer 2, on the other hand, is an overlaying network that lies on top of the main blockchain (Layer 1). It makes use of the main blockchain only for final transaction settlements, while handling most transactions on its own network. This way, it can bypass the time-consuming and often expensive process of recording every single transaction on the main blockchain.
The primary role of Layer 2 is to alleviate the pressure on the main blockchain by handling transactional loads on a separate layer. It comes packed with numerous advantages:
Various Layer 2 solutions have been proposed and implemented to address scalability issues of different blockchains. Notable examples include:
In conclusion, Layer 2 is an innovative solution to one of blockchain technology's most pressing challenges - scalability. By handling more transactions and lowering fees, Layer 2 solutions hold the promise of making cryptocurrencies more accessible and practical for everyday uses.